9.4 TOS austauschen Atari TOS auswechseln
Die ältesten Modelle besitzen der Regel nach 2 oder 6 ROM Chips. Neuere Modelle besitzen 2 MegaBit Chips oder einen quadratischen 4 MBit Chip, ein sog. OptRom. (Falcon) Bevor Sie sich irgendwelche Gedanken über einen neues TOS machen sollten sie feststellen was sich in ihrem Computer befindet. Die meisten Chips kann man auch heute noch bei BEST-Electronics käuflich erwerben. Wichtig ist ob es sich um 2 oder um 6 ROMs handelt! Ein TOS 2.06 benötigt zum Einbau in jeden 260/520, Mega usw. auf jeden Fall auch zusätzliche Hardware da bei diesem TOS eine völlig andere Adresslage verwendet wurde. TOS 2.06 kann daher nicht ohne weiteres in einen beliebigen Atari Rechner gesteckt werden. Beim Atari Falcon und beim Atari TT ist dieser Fall sowieso ausgeschlossen da TOS 2.06 zu der dort vorhandenen Hardware nicht passt.
Yes, it's possible to install TOS 2.06 in an STe, and yes, you're missing something. I've installed TOS 2.06 in my STe without any problems. What you've apparently missed is setting the jumpers. Here's a text I wrote about it a while ago which explains what to do: ------------- Rear of STe (power plug etc.) --------------------- TOS 1.62 etc. ("short" chips) ---------------------- | | | w104 | "high" ( | _____ _____ | | | o o o o o o ---------------------- _____ w103 o o o ---------------------- w102 | | | | "low" ( | | | | ---------------------- | | "short" ROMs go up | | to here ->| | | ROM sockets go up to | here ->| ------------------------------------------------------------------ TOS 2.06 etc. ("long" ROMs) ------------------------- | | w104 | "high" ( _____ _____ | | o o o o o o ------------------------- _____ w103 o o o ------------------------- w102 | | | "low" ( o o o o o o o o | | | ------------------------- o o o o o o o o E7 E6 E5 E4 E3 E2 E1 E0 sockets and the | "long" ROM chips | ^ go up to here ->| | (desktop HD format option) ---------------------- Front (keyboard side) ---------------------
IMPORTANT!!!!
As the ROM chips in TOS 1.xx and 2.xx are electrically different
you need to move the resistors/jumpers differently according to which
type of chip you're using. My STe had resistors in place of jumpers,
but the circuit papers from Atari simply show jumpers being used, so I
guess this might vary from machine to machine. I've also been told
that the resistors are actually zero ohm resistors! Strange.... Well,
use whatever's in your machine. I'm referring to the positions marked
"w102" and "w104" on the STe's circuit board.
Also, when changing over to TOS 2.xx you can join together the
"E6" pads and gain access to a "high density"
format option on the desktop with no additional software needed! Just
select "format disk" from the desktop and you will have the
choice of formatting the disk as single sided/double density and high
density.
But I'd recommend against using the desktop formatter- it's not
really MSDOS compatible, and it's sloooow! I use a shareware program
called "Hcopy" instead, but there are several other
excellent copy programs which support HD/DD disks and do it in MSDOS.
Still, it's cool to have the HD format option on your desktop when you
select "format disk" ;-)
After having installed TOS 2.06 the machine will behave a little
differently from older versions of TOS. First of all you'll get an
Atari logo on the upper left hand corner of the screen, then a memory
test will start- a long bar getting shorter and shorter. This takes
ages to finish. You can skip it by pressing any key.
When the disk drive starts rotating you might be in for a shock (I know I was and I thought something was wrong- because I had nobody to tell me what I'm now telling you!!). The disk drive might make a lot more noise than before. But don't panic! This is due to the support of high density (1.44MB) disk drives and the step rate which has been altered to allow them to be used. There are small programs available for this, that alter it back to the usual DD standard, and quietens down the drive (although the drive still seems to make more noise than in the previous TOS version). One such program is "hd_fdc.prg" which goes in the auto
folder. It's free and should be available many places. But there are a
few other programs like this as well.
..... and as you already have your STe opened you might as well
check the DMA chip, as some of the early STe machines came equipped
with a dodgy one and needs to be replcaed if you're using a harddisk
(or else you'll get lots of read/write errors):
DMA, ROM chips etc. for Atari STE computer ------------------------------------------ |________________| ("LO") |--------------------| ) 28 pin ROM chip | |____________________| |________________| <- position of 'old' ROM chip |----------------| <- position of 'old' ROM chip |--------------------| ) 28 pin ROM chip | ("HI") (sound generator) |____________________| |____________________| |________________| ) Yamaha YM2149F | |____________________| |____________________| |_______| |____________________| | C025913 - 38 | | X'tal | | C WDC '85 | ) PH23 - 030 | ------- ) WD 1772 - PH | | 9L408 | | 02 - 02 8935 | | | | 011915010101 | |____________________| |____________________| (DMA chip) (floppy drive controller)
Faulty DMA chips (source: ST Format, p.56)
** Faulty DMA chip in early STEs;
** Good chips (most STEs);
An STFM which also has 6 ROM sockets. Look around the board near
to the ROMs and you should find some solder pads that have 256K and 1M
next to them. Unsolder the 1M ones and place solder across the 256k
ones. I have three of these on my STFM, I would imagine the same as
the Mega ST.
It is slightly more complicated on a Mega ST:
- Output on pin 12 of U12 (74LS11) has to be disabled (a trace cut
on the PCB);
All this takes care of proper decoding of "chip select"
and "output enable" of ROMs.
It is useful to find schematic of MegaST before actual hacking (it
can be found on the net). The above is quite clear from the schematics
(in fact it is noted in a table on the schematics).
TOS 2.06 Eproms in an STe
"The Ox That Rocks" asked about installing TOS 2.06
EPROMs in an STE. Here follows something I wrote ages ago which also
includes information on faulty DMA chips (some STEs came with faulty
DMA chips which caused corrupt data on harddisks):
Hallvard Tangeraas, 29-August-1994 DMA, ROM chips etc. for Atari STE computer ------------------------------------------ |----------------| ("LO") |--------------------| ) 28 pin ROM chip | |____________________| |________________| <- position of 'old' ROM chip |----------------| <- position of 'old' ROM chip |--------------------| ) 28 pin ROM chip | ("HI") (sound generator) |____________________| |--------------------| |________________| ) Yamaha YM2149F | |____________________| |--------------------| |-------| |--------------------| | C025913 - 38 | | X'tal | | C WDC '85 | ) PH23 - 030 | ------- ) WD 1772 - PH | | 9L408 | | 02 - 02 8935 | | | | 011915010101 | |____________________| |____________________| (DMA chip) (floppy drive controller) Faulty DMA chips (source: ST Format, p.56) ------------------------------------------ ** Faulty DMA chip in early STEs; C025913 - 38 PH23 - 001A ** Good chips (most STEs); C398739 - 001A (Atari-1990)-31 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- Rear of STe (power plug etc.)---------------- TOS 1.62 etc. ("short" chips) ---------------------- | | | w104 | "high" ( | _____ _____ | | | o o o o o o ---------------------- _____ w103 o o o ---------------------- w102 | | | | "low" ( | | | | ---------------------- | | "short" ROMs go up | | to here ->| | | ROM sockets go up to | here ->| ------------------------------------------------------------------ TOS 2.06 etc. ("long" ROMs) ------------------------- | | w104 | "high" ( _____ _____ | | o o o o o o ------------------------- _____ w103 o o o ------------------------- w102 | | | "low" ( o o o o o o o o | | | ------------------------- o o o o o o o o E7 E6 E5 E4 E3 E2 E1 E0 sockets and the | "long" ROM chips | ^ go up to here ->| | (desktop HD format option) --------------------- Front (keyboard end) ---------------------------
IMPORTANT!!!! As the ROM chips in TOS 1.xx and 2.xx are
electrically different you need to move the resistors/jumpers
differently according to which type of chip you're using. My STe had
resistors in place of jumpers, but the circuit papers from Atari
simply show jumpers being used, so I guess this might vary from
machine to machine. I've also been told that the resistors are
actually zero ohm resistors! Strange.... Well, use whatever's in your
machine. I'm referring to the positions marked "w102" and
"w104" on the STe's circuit board.
Also, when changing over to TOS 2.xx you can join together the
"E6" pads and gain access to a "high density"
format option on the desktop with no additional software needed! Just
select "format disk" from the desktop and you will have the
choice of formatting the disk as single sided/double density and high
density.
But I'd recommend against using the desktop formatter- it's not
really MSDOS compatible, and it's sloooow! I use a shareware program
called "Hcopy" instead, but there are several other
excellent copy programs which support HD/DD disks and do it in MSDOS.
Still, it's cool to have the HD format option on your desktop when you
select "format disk" ;-)
After having installed TOS 2.06 the machine will behave a little
differently from older versions of TOS. First of all you'll get an
Atari logo on the upper left hand corner of the screen, then a memory
test will start- a long bar getting shorter and shorter. This takes
ages to finish. You can skip it by pressing any key.
When the disk drive starts rotating you might be in for a shock (I
know I was and I thought something was wrong- because I had nobody to
tell me what I'm now telling you!!). The disk drive might make a lot
more noise than before. But don't panic! This is due to the support of
high density (1.44MB) disk drives and the step rate which has been
altered to allow them to be used. There are small programs available
for this, that alter it back to the usual DD standard, and quietens
down the drive (although the drive still seems to make more noise than
in the previous TOS version).
One such program is "hd_fdc.prg" which goes in the auto
folder. It's free and should be available many places. But there are a
few other programs like this as well.
Hallvard
Depending on the type of EPROMs your going to use in the STe,
there are some jumpers you need to configure. Since TOS 2.06 is 256K
bytes in size, it can be split across two 27C010's (or a 128K x 8
equivilant EPROM).
Here are the jumper settings:
Jumper W102
Jumper W103
Jumper W104
To aid in indentifying the jumpers (I don't know if the silk
screen is there or not to label them) here is what pin is connected to
what:
W102
Pin 1 to GND
W103
Pin 1 to VCC (+5V)
W104
Pin 1 to U100 pin 48 (68000 A17)
I've already documented this stuff in my TOS 2.06 user guide (I'm
getting there, but there are still a few details left to be sorted
out) with jumper settings and all, but a couple of things still don't
add up, so either Atari, or IC-Master (http://www.icmaster.com) where
I found the pinouts of the various ROMs listed in the STe schematics
have gotten things wrong.
The thing is that among the 4 available jumper settings in the
schematics, two chips seem to be exchanged by error.... The 571000 and
571001.
27010 (*)
The first two chips can be delivered with different pinouts
according to different manufacturers!
* pin 2="A16"* pin 24="OE"
moving on to the next group.
27C1000 (**)
Again, for the 27C1000, the two mentioned pins are sometimes
exchanged according to the manufacturer. using the jumper-settings as
a reference, the pinout has to be as follows:
** pin 2="OE"* pin 24="A16"
this is all well and good, but what doesn't match the rest of the
information is the 571000 and 571001 chips as they have those exact
pins exchanged. Either the pinout information I have is incorrect, or
Atari has made a mistake and they should exchange places like this:
27010 (*)
* pin 2="A16"* pin 24="OE"
27C1000 (**)
** pin 2="OE"* pin 24="A16"
For the remaining two "groups" of chips/jumper-settings
the information seems to be correct (27256 and 27512).
So, to summarize...
Copyright © Robert Schaffner (doit@doitarchive.de) Letzte Aktualisierung am 23. Mai 2004 |