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3.1 Spezifikation - Atari Falcon F030
Atari F030 Spezifikation (englisch) From rmccall@mcs.dundee.ac.uk (Rod McCall) Newsgroups:
comp.sys.atari.st,comp.sys.atari.st.tech
Atari Falcon 030 Specifications
CPU: Motorola 68030 32-bit microprocessor @ 16MHz w/ 32-bit bus
FPU: Motorola 68881/68882 @ 16MHz (optional)
DSP: Motorola 56001 Digital Signal Processor running in parallel @ 32MHz
w/ 32kWords (24-bit) of local zero wait state static RAM
ROM: 512kB
RAM: 1, 4 or 16MB(14MB usable) on daughterboard (RAM is 32-bit wide)
Expansion bus: Internal 'Processor-Direct' slot for 386SX emulation
(third party 386SX emulator nearly completed) or other
co-processors/etc.
Video:
(See below for specific video modes/resolutions.)
16-bit BLiTTER @ 16MHz (also handles hard drive access)
Accepts external video sync to allow high quality genlocking
Overlay mode for easy video titling and special effects
Overscan support
Hardware-assisted horizontal fine scrolling
VIDEL (video controller) sits on 32-bit bus
Audio:
Stereo 16-bit Analog-to-Digital DMA input
Stereo 16-bit Digital-to-Analog DMA output
Eight 16-bit audio DMA record/playback channels
SDMA sound/DMA co-processor
Ports: 128kB cartridge port
2*9-pin mouse/joystick ports
2*15-pin STe enhanced analog/digital controller ports (Atari also
has new analog controllers w/ a joystick, 3 fire buttons, and a
12-key keypad)
MIDI IN, OUT/THRU
Bi-directional parallel port
RS232C serial port
SCSI II w/ DMA
Analog RGB/VGA/composite video connector
Stereo headphone out (1/8" mini-jack)
Stereo microphone in (1/8" mini-jack)
DSP port (up to 1MHz data transfer rate)
RF modulator for TV hookup
Localtalk compatible LAN (up to 250kbaud transfer rate)
Misc:
Internal 1.44MB 3.5" HD floppy
Internal IDE 2.5" hard drive (optional)
Pre-emptive mulitasking OS (MultiTOS) w/ adaptive prioritization
and inter-process communication (also 68040 compatible)
Realtime clock and battery backed up RAM
1040ST-style case w/ internal fan
North American availability in mid-October
Price:
1MB/no HD - $799 list
4MB/65MB - $1399 list
Resolutions available on the Atari Falcon030 (c) 1992 Atari
Corp.
Written by John Townsend
=========================================================================
This document may be re-printed again and again as long as the Atari copyright remains intact. ========================================================================= A couple of notes: Unlike previous machines, there are just too many resolutions to give each resolution a name. Therefore, I will do my best to describe what the resolution is and which monitor it is on.
- NOTE: TV and a Color Monitor are the same.. by Color Monitor, I am
talking about the standard SC1224. By VGA, I mean a standard VGA
Monitor.
40 column modes ( "column" means the number of x pixels divided by 8)
---------------
4 color, normal, TV: 320x200, 4 colors, 2 planes
16 color, normal, TV: 320x200, 16 colors, 4 planes
256 color, normal, TV: 320x200, 256 colors, 8 planes
True color, normal, TV: 320x200, true color
4 color, interlace, TV: 320x400, 4 colors, 2 planes
16 color, interlace, TV: 320x400, 16 colors, 4 planes
256 color, interlace, TV: 320x400, 256 colors, 8 planes
True color, interlace, TV: 320x400, true color
4 color, normal, VGA: 320x480, 4 colors, 2 planes
16 color, normal, VGA: 320x480, 16 colors, 4 planes
256 color, normal, VGA: 320x480, 256 colors, 8 planes
True color, normal, VGA: 320x480, true color
4 color, line-doubling, VGA: 320x240, 4 colors, 2 planes
16 color, line-doubling, VGA: 320x240, 16 colors, 4 planes
256 color, line-doubling, VGA: 320x240, 256 colors, 8 planes
True color, line-doubling, VGA: 320x240, true color
80 column modes
---------------
2 color, normal, TV: 640x200, 2 colors, 1 plane
4 color, normal, TV: 640x200, 4 colors, 2 planes
16 color, normal, TV: 640x200, 16 colors, 4 planes
256 color, normal, TV: 640x200, 256 colors, 8 planes
True color, normal, TV: 640x200, true color
4 color, interlace, TV: 640x400, 4 colors, 2 planes
16 color, interlace, TV: 640x400, 16 colors, 4 planes
256 color, interlace, TV: 640x400, 256 colors, 8 planes
True color, interlace, TV: 640x400, true color
2 color, normal, VGA: 640x480, 2 colors, 1 plane
4 color, normal, VGA: 640x480, 4 colors, 2 planes
16 color, normal, VGA: 640x480, 16 colors, 4 planes
256 color, normal, VGA: 640x480, 256 colors, 8 planes
4 color, line-doubling, VGA: 640x240, 4 colors, 2 planes
16 color, line-doubling, VGA: 640x240, 16 colors, 4 planes
256 color, line-doubling, VGA: 640x240, 256 colors, 8 planes
and lastly.. there are compability modes for ST Low, ST Medium, and ST High on both VGA monitors and SC1224 monitors. (On a color monitor, ST High is achieved by using the intex ace mode). Also, the ST Monochrome monitor (the SM124) will work with Falcox 30 as well. However, it only supports one resolution: ST High Resolution. All modes on a T0 can be overscanned. This means multiplying the X and Y resolution by 1.2. For0 xample, modes with 320 pixels of horizontal resolution (X res) will become 384 pixels across, and modes with 640 pixels will become 768 across. Overscanning is done in the X and Y resolution. You can't do them independently. Special Note: On a VGA monitor, overscan is "faked".. since the video hardware doesn't have the capability to do overscan on a VGA monitor, we made it so that if a overscan mode is set on a VGA monitor, you still see the normal size screen, but the screen is a window onto the bigger overscanned image. Make sense? We did this for compatibility. This way if a game that has an overscanned starup picture can use the same pic on both the VGA monitor and the TV monitor. Pretty cool, eh? <grin> BTW.. Overscan can NOT be set from the desktop. The AES and Desktop will work just fine with it, but because you can't see the parts of the screen, we thought that that option shouldn't be available from the desktop. We don't want to confuse people. However, Overscan can be set using a new XBIOS call (Vsetmode()).. so it is still available. I hope I haven't made any mistakes. I triple-checked this document in search of errors and I couldn't find any. If you do find some, send me Email on GEnie (to TOWNS) or CIS (70007,1135) and let me know. - John Townsend, Atari Corp. P.S. Anyone who would like to reprint this message, please do so! The smaller the number of times I have to type that message, the more my fingers with thank you! ;-) After looking at this one more time.. one point to clear up: By saying SC1224 Color Monitor, I mean any Color Monitor that Atari have manufactured for the ST/Mega/STE/MegaSTE computers. Clear as mud? ;-) This article is written by Wilfred Kilwinger (Support Manager) for Atari Briefing, the newsletter by Atari (Benelux) B.V. for the Atari user groups. It was specifically stated that it could be reproduced. I have translated it in English with the assumption that an English translation would be considered the same as the original. The original also contained a description of all the features of the Falcon which have been reproduced here a zillion of times so I did not include these. Atari custom chips VIDEL The VIDEL takes care of the video functions of the system including overscan, overlay mode and true color graphics COMBEL The COMBEL is the system manager of the Atari Falcon030. This chip controls all system functions. Also the BLITTER is built in in this chip. SDMA The SDMA is the Sound DMA and controls the sound part. We have built in a unique matrix switch function in this chip (more details in the second part) KEYBOARD PROCESSOR The keyboard processor has been improved and is now also suitable for high resolution mice. Besides the above custom chips the Atari Falcon030 has a number of standard chips like the Motorola 68030 and 56001 DSP. Another important chip is the CODEC in which the 16 bit AD and DA converters are located.
Video modi
As you can see in the survey of Operating System calls
the video hardware is complete sotware controllable. The following
combinations can a.o. be chosen:
Mode Resolution Bit planes Colors Palette
ST LOW 320x200 4 16 4096
ST MED 640x200 2 4 4096
ST HIGH 640x400 1 2 4096
True Color 640x480 8 256 262144
320x200 15bpp 32768 N/A
The last mode asks for some explanation. Here there is no color palette but
15 bits per pixel to describe the pixel itself. The format is
RRRRRGGGGGXBBBBB. VDI supports this mode thus programs that have not been
written for this mode specifically can use it nevertheless.
X is the overlay bit and can be used for video titling and special effects.
320x200 16bpp 65 N/A
This mode is called the slideshow mode, is not supported by the VDI, you
are on you own. X is an extra green bit.
True Color in 640x480 is not possible because of the bandwidth of VGA monitors.
Mode Resolution Bit planes Colors Palette
VGA 320 of 640 1,4,8 2,16,256 262144 (Overscan
Video 200 of 400
With Video we mean the Atari SC-monitors, the TV modulator and/or the
composite video output.
All modes can be gegenlocked. With adaptors we convert
the 15-pole video bus to thee standard Atari or VGA connections.
|----|
- -
/ \
/ \
/ \
| |
-|--------|-
Matrix coupling
To make the system performance in the audio part as good as possible Atari
designed a miniature 'telephone exchange' that can easily connect the
source devices to the receiving devices. Also it is possible to make more
than one connection at a time.
Source devices
EXT INPUT ---*-------*------*------*
CHANNEL | | | |
| | | |
DSP ---*-------*------*------*
TRANSMIT | | | |
| | | |
ADC ---*-------*------*------*
| | | |
| | | |
DMA ---*-------*------*------*
PLAYBACK | | | |
DMA DAC DSP EXT OUTPUT
RECORD RECEIVE CHANNEL
Receiving Devices
Ports and interfacing
DSP CONNECTOR (DB26 Female)
---------------------------
Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 GP0 14 GND
2 GP1 15 SRD
3 GP2 16 GND
4 P_DATA 17 +12V
5 P_CLK 18 GND
6 P_SYNC 19 R_DATA
7 n/c 20 R_CLK
8 GND 21 R_SYNC
9 +12V 22 EXT_INT
10 GND 23 STD
11 SC0 24 SCK
12 SC1 25 GND
13 SC2 26 EXCLK
SCSI CONNECTOR (flat 50 pins SCSI II Female)
--------------------------------------------
Pin Signal Pin Signal
1-10 GND 37 Not Connected
11 +5V 38 +5V
12-14 Not Connected 39 Not Connected
15-25 GND 40 GND
26 SCSI 0 41 ATN
27 SCSI 1 42 GND
28 SCSI 2 43 BSY
29 SCSI 3 44 ACK
30 SCSI 4 45 RST
31 SCSI 5 46 MSG
32 SCSI 6 47 SEL
33 SCSI 7 48 C/D
34 Parity 49 REQ
35-36 GND 50 I/O
SERIAL PORT (DB9 MALE)
----------------------
Pin Signal
1 Carrier Detect 5 GND
2 Receive 6 Data set ready
3 Transmit 7 Request to Send
4 Data Terminal Ready 8 Clear to Send
9 Ring Indicator
PARALLEL PORT (DB25 Female)
---------------------------
The parallel port has extra signal to ease the connection of scanners.
Pin Signal
1 Strobe 8 Data 6
2 Data 0 9 Data 7
3 Data 1 10 Acknowledge
4 Data 2 11 Busy
5 Data 3 12-16 Not Connected
6 Data 4 17 Select
7 Data 5 18-25 GND
MONITOR CONNECTOR (DB19 Male)
-----------------------------
Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 Red 11 GND
2 Green 12 Composite Sync/Video
3 Blue 13 Horizontal Sync
4 Mono/Overlay 14 Vertical Sync
5 GND 15 External Clock Input
6 Red GND 16 External SYNC Enable
7 Green GND 17 +12V
8 Blue GND 18 M1
9 Audio out 19 M0
10 GND
SCC LAN-port CONNECTOR (8-pin Mini DIN Female RS-422)
-----------------------------------------------------
Pin Signal
1 Handshake Output (DTR RS 423) 5 - Received Data
2 Handshake Input or External Clock 6 + Transmitted Data
3 - Transmit Data 7 General-purpose Input
4 GND 8 + Receive
ENHANCED JOYSTICK (DB15 Male)
-----------------------------
Port A Port B
Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 UP 0 1 UP 1
2 DOWN 0 2 DOWN 1
3 LT 0 3 LT 1
4 RT 0 4 RT 1
5 PAD0Y 5 PAD1Y
6 FIRE 0 / LIGHT GUN 6 FIRE 1
7 VCC (+5 VDC) 7 VCC
8 Not Connected 8 Not Connected
9 GND 9 GND
10 FIRE 2 10 FIRE 3
11 UP 2 11 UP 3
12 DOWN 2 12 DOWN 3
13 LT 2 13 LT 3
14 RT 2 14 RT 3
15 PAD0X 15 PAD1X
MIDI PORT (DIN 5 Female)
------------------------
MIDI OUT MIDI IN
Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 Thru Transmit 1 Not Connected
2 GND 2 Not Connected
3 Thru Loop Return 3 Not Connected
4 Out Transmit 4 In Receive
5 Out Loop Return 5 In Loop Return
New Operating System calls
This information is not complete, maybe subject to change and is certainly
not meant as documentation for programmers
DSP-calls
Dsp_DoBlock(a,b,c,d) (void) xbios(500,a,b,c,d)
Dsp_BlkHandShake(a,b,c,d) (void) xbios(501,a,b,c,d)
Dsp_BlkUnpacked(a,b,c,d) (void) xbios(502,a,b,c,d)
Dsp_InStream(a,b,c,d) (void) xbios(503,a,b,c,d)
Dsp_OutStream(a,b,c,d) (void) xbios(504,a,b,c,d)
Dsp_IOStream(a,b,c,d,e,f) (void) xbios(505,a,b,c,d,e,f)
Dsp_RemoveInterrupts(a) (void) xbios(506,a)
Dsp_GetWordSize() (int) xbios(507)
Dsp_Lock() (int) xbios(508)
Dsp_Unlock() (void) xbios(509)
Dsp_Available(a,b) (void) xbios(510,a,b)
Dsp_Reserve(a,b) (int) xbios(511,a,b)
Dsp_LoadProg(a,b,c) (int) xbios(512,a,b,c)
Dsp_ExecProg(a,b,c) (void) xbios(513,a,b,c)
Dsp_ExecBoot(a,b,c) (void) xbios(514,a,b,c)
Dsp_LodToBinary(a,b) (long) xbios(515,a,b)
Dsp_TriggerHC(a) (void) xbios(516,a)
Dsp_RequestUniqueAbility() (int) xbios(517)
Dsp_GetProgAbility() (int) xbios(518)
Dsp_FlushSubroutines() (void) xbios(519)
Dsp_LoadSubroutine(a,b,c) (int) xbios(520,a,b,c)
Dsp_InqSubrAbility(a) (int) xbios(521,a)
Dsp_RunSubroutine(a) (int) xbios(522,a)
Dsp_Hf0(a) (int) xbios(523,a)
Dsp_Hf1(a) (int) xbios(524,a)
Dsp_Hf2() (int) xbios(525)
Dsp_Hf3() (int) xbios(526)
Dsp_BlkWords(a,b,c,d) (void) xbios(527,a,b,c,d)
Dsp_BlkBytes(a,b,c,d) (void) xbios(528,a,b,c,d)
Dsp_HStat() (char) xbios(529)
Dsp_SetVectors(a,b) (void) xbios(530,a,b)
De volledige beschrijving van bovenstaande functie's staat in de Falcon030
Developers Documentation.
VIDEO SETMODE
int setmode( int modecode );
The setmode( int modecode ) call is used to place the Falcon/030 SHIFTER
into a specific mode. A bit-encoded value (called a "modecode") is passed
to setmode() to set the mode. setmode() returns the previous mode that
was set.
To help make the building of modecode values easier, here is a table of
defines:
#define VERTFLAG 0x100
#define STMODES 0x80
#define OVERSCAN 0x40
#define PAL 0x20
#define VGA 0x10
#define TV 0x0
#define COL80 0x08
#define COL40 0x0
#define NUMCOLS 7
#define BPS16 4
#define BPS8 3
#define BPS4 2
#define BPS2 1
#define BPS1 0
Using these defines, you can build a modecode for any possible mode.
For example:
For True Color Overscan:
modecode = OVERSCAN|COL40|BPS16;
For ST Medium Compatibility mode on a Color Monitor/TV:
modecode = STMODES|COL80|BPS2;
For ST Low Compatibility mode in PAL on a Color Monitor/TV:
modecode = STMODES|PAL|COL80|BPS2;
For 256 color, 80 column mode on a VGA monitor:
modecode = VGA|COL80|BPS8;
If you have a modecode and wish to know how many bits per pixel it
has, use the following:
if( modecode & NUMCOLS ) == BPS16 )
do_something_cool(); /* You have true color mode */
The setmode() call will return the previous modecode set. You must use
this value to get back to whatever mode you were in before you made your
setmode call.
int mon_type(void)
The mon_type() function will return the kind of monitor that is currently
in use. Here are the possible return values:
0 = ST monochrome monitor
1 = ST color monitor
2 = VGA monitor
3 = Television.
void ext_sync( int flag )
This function sets or clears external sync. If flag is set, external
sync is enabled. If flag is clear, then internal sync is used.
SOUND-calls
locksnd();
Used as a semiphore to lock the sound system. From other applications.
unlocksnd();
Used to release the sound system for other applications to use.
soundcmd(mode,data);
This command is used to get or set the following sound parameters.
If a negative number is used as the input then the current setting us
returned.
MODE OPERATION MEANING
O LTATTEN Sets the current left channel output
1 RTATTEN Sets the current right channel output
2 LTGAIN Sets the current left channel input gain.
3 RTGAIN Sets the current right channel input gain.
4 ADDERIN Set the output of the 16 bit signed adder to
receive it's input from the ADC, Matrix or
both.
5 ADCINPUT Set the input the the ADC. The input can either
be the left and right channel of the PSG or the
left and right channel of the microphone.
6 SETPRESCALE Used for compatability. This prescale value
is used when the DEVCONNECT() internal
prescale value is set to zero.
setbuffer(reg,begaddr,endaddr);
This function is used to set the play or record buffers. REG selects
playback or record, while begaddr and endaddr are the buffers beginning
and ending locations.
(int) reg - (0) Sets playback registers.
- (1) Sets record registers.
(long) begaddr - Sets the beginning address of the buffer.
(long) endaddr - Sets the ending address of the buffer.
setmode(mode);
This function is used to set record or playback mode. The modes are as
follows:
MODE OPERATION
(int) 0 8 Bit Stereo
(int) 1 16 Bit Stereo
(int) 2 8 Bit Mono
settracks(playtracks,rectracks);
This function is used to sets the number of record or playback tracks.
setmontracks(montrack);
This function is used to set the output of the internal speaker to one of
the four tracks currently playing. The internal speaker is only capable of
outputing ONE track at a time.
setinterrupt(src_inter,cause);
This function is used to set which interrupt that will occur at the end of a
frame. If the frame repeat bit is on, this interrupt is used to allow for
double buffering the playing or recording of sound. Interrupts can come from
TimerA or the MFP i7.
buffoper(mode);
This function is used to control the operation of the play or record buffers
in the sound system. The input to this function is a bitmap. If mode is set
t0 -1 then the current status of x e buffer operation bits is returned.
NOTE: The sound system contains a 32 byte FIFO. When transferring data to
the record buffer, software MUST check to see if the record enable (RE) bit
was cleared by the hardware. If the bit was cleared then the FIFO is flushed,
if not then software must flush the FIFO by clearing the record enable (RE)
bit.
dsptristate(dspxmit,dsprec);
This function is used to tristate the DSP from the data matrix.
gpio(mode,data);
This is used to communicate over the General Purpose I/O on the DSP connector.
Only the low order three bits are used. The rest are reserved. This call,
depending on the mode, can be used to set the direction of the I/O bits, read
the bits, or write the bits.
devconnect(src,dst,srcclk,prescale,protocol);
This function is used to attach a source device to any of the destination
devices in the matrix. Given a source device, this call will attach that one
source device to one or all of the destination devices. This call also sets
up the source clock and prescaler, protocol and protocol source if used.
sndstatus(reset);
This function gets the current status of the codec.
buffptr(pointer);
This function returns the current position of the play and record data buffer
pointers. These pointers indicate where the data is being read/written within
the buffers themselves. This function is also used to determine how much
data has been written to the record buffer. See buffoper().
The above is not yet complete. Atari has also routines for
JPEG and andio conversion.
--
Piet* van Oostrum, Dept of Computer Science, Utrecht University,
Padualaan 14, P.O. Box 80.089, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Telephone: +31 30 531806 Uucp: uunet!mcsun!ruuinf!piet
Telefax: +31 30 513791 Internet: piet@cs.ruu.nl (*`Pete')
http://www.mcc.ac.uk/ dlms/Falcon/falcon.htlm
Copyright © Robert Schaffner (support@doitarchive.de) Letzte Aktualisierung am 23. Dezember 2003 |
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